[1] We will refer to: primary or elementary school for ages 6-10, middle or junior high school for ages 10-14 and secondary or high school for ages 14-19 (see Bernardi , C. and Arzarello, F., Educational System and Teacher Training in Italy, U.M.I.- C.I.I.M., 1966, Roma

[2] Eisenhart M. A.: 1988, The Ethnographic Research tradition and the Mathematics Education Research, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 19 (2), 99-114

[3] Bazzini, L., Steiner, H. G. (eds): 1989, Proc. of the First Italian-German Bilateral Symposium on Didactics of Mathematics, TID-CNR series, n. 5

Bazzini, L. and Steiner, H.G. (eds): 1994, Proc. Second Italo-German Symposium on teaching of Mathematics, (Osnabrück 1992), IDM Bielefeld publication

[4] Malara, N.A. and Rico, L. (eds): 1994, Proceedings of First Italian-Spanish Research Symposium in Mathematics Education, Modena University Press, Modena

[5] Druhard, J.P. and Maurel, M.: 1995, Documents des Séminaires Franco Italien de Didactique de l'Algèbre 1993-1995, IUFM Nice

[6] Bishop, A. J.: 1992, International Perspectives on Research in Mathematics Education, in Grouws, D. A. (ed), Handbook of Research on Mathematics Teaching and Learning, NY, Macmillan Publishing Company, 710-723

[7] Steiner, H. G.: 1985, Theory of Mathematics Education: an Introduction, For the Learning of Mathematics, 5 (2), 11-17